Behere Classes

Things every student should remove from life What you harvest now will grow later. Students with good habits  achieve the greatest success . These habits give them the structure they need to reach their goals, both in the short and long term. .To become successful in life every student need to leave bad habits and things behind   Here is the list of the things every student should remove from his life. 1. Habit of procrastinating 2. Toxic friends 3. Unorganised Scheduling 4. Living in the past 5. Stress 6. Giving excuses 7. Fixed mind-set 8. Fear of thinking out of the box 9. Laziness 10. Distractions

Special Economic Zones [SEZ] ( Future Steps ) SEZ was created for promotion of exports. They have different set of rules as compared to rest of the country. Future Steps: Clear policy signalling vis-a-vis stable tax regime Innovative steps like giving infrastructure status Incentives to setup industries in backward regions Allowing Sector specific SEZs with smaller size  Developing Measurable socio-economic-ecological performance indicators for future evaluation Well balanced Compensation and Rehabilitation Policy for displaced people  New approvals only if older ones are operational Co-ordination between other developed Special Zones like CEZ, NIMZ, etc. to increase efficiency Thank You. Regards, Behere Classes (www.behereclasses.com)

SEZ-2 Reasons for failure Free Trade Agreements take away special benefits ; more over they get disadvantaged domestically! Very small size and huge multiplicity of SEZs lead to chaos Due to introduction of Minimum Alternate Tax , firms started leaving SEZ Poor infrastructure around SEZ Inflexible land use policy within SEZ Competitive Models: CEZ, NIMZ etc Red Tapism www.behereclasses.com For more details click here

Special Economic Zones [SEZ] (Provisions and Performance) SEZs are integrated townships with main objective of promoting exports. They have different set of rules as compared to rest of the India. SEZ Act was passed in 2005. There are liberalised policies only in SEZ areas. Provisions: ·          Single window clearance ·          Zero % Import duty ·          fifteen years tax holiday ·          Assured infrastructure to all firms ·          Subcontracting of labour and offshore (foreign) banking ·          Routine customs inspections are not allowed; only at time of entry and exit Performance: $12bn exports from SEZ as compared to $480bn in India Only 1.78mn jobs out of 474mn in India More preference to Urban Agglomerations thereby defeating equitable growth Only 60% SEZ had operations started Thank You. Regards, Behere Classes (www.behereclasses.com)

Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO),  or Shanghai Pact, is a Eurasian political, economic, and security alliance , the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai, China by the leaders of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan ; the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter, formally establishing the organisation, was signed in June 2002 and entered into force on 19 September 2003. The original five nations, with the exclusion of Uzbekistan, were previously members of the Shanghai Five group, founded on 26 April 1996. Since then, the organisation has expanded its membership to eight countries when India and Pakistan joined SCO as full members on 9 June 2017 at a summit in Astana, Kazakhstan. The Heads of State Council (HSC) is the supreme decision-making body in the SCO Permenant bodies: SCO Secretariat Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) Thank You. Regards, Behe

Measurements of Absolute Poverty Poverty Line: Monthly consumption expenditure used of households to fulfill basic minimum requirements in terms of nutrition, clothing, education, health, etc. It is threshold consumption expenditure. a. It may be too crude b. It doesn’t measure the depth of poverty HeadCount Ratio: No of BPL households/ No of Total households => This ratio tells about the incidence of poverty Poverty Gap: Simple Average of gaps over the entire population (APL Gap = 0) Poverty Gap Index: Poverty Gap / Poverty Line Note that: Same Head Count Ratio but higher Poverty Gap Index => More is the depth of poverty

UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME (UBI) UBI— Government to pay every citizen a fixed amount of money on regular basis and without any conditionality. It is Similar to direct subsidies but it is more universal and unconditional cash transfer. Benefits: Better targeting Freedom of choice Insurance against Health risks and for Education requirements Criticisms: May promote conspicuous consumption Disincentives doing work Lack of financial inclusion Lack of robust unique identification Higher Fiscal burden Doesn’t guarantee Capacity Building Doesn’t address the structural problems Behere Classes (www.behereclasses.com)